Afaik a font for q3 is just a dump of a fontInfo_t structure (defined in q_shared.h). And the letters are stored in the alpha channel of tga-files (these are the shaders). Take a look in the .dat-files and the corresponding .tga-files.
#define MAX_QPATH 64 // max length of a quake game pathname
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typedef int qhandle_t;
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// font support
#define GLYPH_START 0
#define GLYPH_END 255
#define GLYPH_CHARSTART 32
#define GLYPH_CHAREND 127
#define GLYPHS_PER_FONT GLYPH_END - GLYPH_START + 1
typedef struct {
int height; // number of scan lines
int top; // top of glyph in buffer
int bottom; // bottom of glyph in buffer
int pitch; // width for copying
int xSkip; // x adjustment
int imageWidth; // width of actual image
int imageHeight; // height of actual image
float s; // x offset in image where glyph starts
float t; // y offset in image where glyph starts
float s2;
float t2;
qhandle_t glyph; // handle to the shader with the glyph
char shaderName[32];
} glyphInfo_t;
typedef struct {
glyphInfo_t glyphs [GLYPHS_PER_FONT];
float glyphScale;
char name[MAX_QPATH];
} fontInfo_t;